Kodi Zomwe Zachitika Posachedwapa Zojambula Zachipatala Ndi Chiyani?

Kuyambira m’zaka za m’ma 1960 mpaka m’ma 1980, kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), makompyuta a tomography (CT), ndi positron emission tomography (PET) zapita patsogolo kwambiri. Zida zowonetsera zachipatala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito zowonongeka zapitirizabe kusintha ndi kuphatikiza kwa nzeru zamakono (AI), njira zowonjezera zopezera deta yaiwisi, ndi kusanthula mawerengero amitundu yambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kumvetsetsa bwino ndi kusanthula machitidwe athu amkati.

Kusintha kwa PET ndi CT scans

Kujambula kwamtundu wa PET nthawi zambiri kumafuna pakati pa mphindi 45 ndi ola kuti kumalize ndipo kumatha kupanga zithunzi zosiyana za kukula kwa chotupa mu ubongo, mapapo, khomo lachiberekero, ndi zigawo zina za thupi. Kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso kwathandiza kuti njirayi ikhale yogwira mtima, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu owongolera blur ndikuthandizira kuwunika kwa algorithmic kuyembekezera malo a unyinji mkati mwa minofu yosuntha.

Kusokonezeka kwamayendedwe kumachitika pamene gawo lomwe mukufuna likuyenda panthawi yojambula zithunzi za PET, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyesa ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwake. Kuti achepetse kusuntha panthawi ya PET scan, akatswiri azachipatala amagwiritsa ntchito kugula ma gated, kugawa masinthidwewo kukhala "mabin" angapo. Mwa kugawa njira yojambulira mu nkhokwe 8-10, pulogalamuyo imatha kuyembekezera malo omwe akufunafuna panthawi inayake kapena malo, kutengera zomwe amakonda. Kuneneratu uku kumapangidwa poyembekezera malo a unyinji mkati mwa nkhokwe zomwe zimazungulira. Kujambula kwa gated PET kumachepetsa kusuntha komwe kumachitika m'zida, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhazikika kwa zochitika / zosintha zokhazikika (SUV). Pamene deta ya PET ikugwirizana ndi deta ya CT, ndondomeko yonseyi imadziwika kuti 4D CT scanning.

Komabe, pali malire odziwika okhudzana ndi njirayi. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopezera zithunzi kumapangitsa kuti phokoso lichuluke chifukwa chopeza deta yochulukirapo. Njira zingapo zothetsera vutoli ndikuphatikizapo Q-freeze, Oncofreeze, ndi nthawi yothawa (ToF).

Momwe kusawoneka bwino kwazithunzi kumakonzedwera mkati mwa PET ndi CT sikani

Kuwongolera kwazithunzi kwa Q-freeze, kugwiritsa ntchito mageti, kumaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa ndi kulembetsa zithunzi zonse zopangidwa. Kulembetsa uku kumachitika mkati mwa malo azithunzi, kusonkhanitsa ndi kukonzanso deta yonse yopezeka pa sikani ya PET kuti ipange chithunzi chomaliza chokhala ndi phokoso locheperako komanso kusawoneka bwino.

OncoFreeze, njira yowonera magalasi, imafanana ndi Q-freeze m'njira zina, ngakhale ndizosiyana. Kuwongolera koyenda kumachitika mu danga la sinogram (malo opangira data). Pambuyo pakupeza chithunzi choyamba, zithunzi zotsatizanazi zimayembekezeredwa kutsogolo ndikufaniziridwa ndi benchi ya ntchito ya opaleshoni yomwe ikuwonetseratu deta ndi backproject sinogram ratios. Izi zimatsogolera ku chithunzi chosinthidwa chomaliza kutengera chithunzi chomwe chasinthidwa.

Kujambula mafunde opumira pamiyeso ya PET kuphatikiza ndi ma CT scan kumatha kupangitsa chithunzithunzi kukhala chabwino. Kuwongolera bwino kungathe kuwonetsedwa mwa kugwirizanitsa mafunde a PET scans, njira yachizoloŵezi, ndi mafunde a CT scans, njira yopangidwa posachedwapa.

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