Kujambula zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito X-ray ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zithandizire deta yachipatala ndikuthandizira madokotala a urologist pakukhazikitsa chithandizo choyenera cha odwala. Pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana zojambulira, computed tomography (CT) pakadali pano imaonedwa ngati muyezo wofunikira poyesa matenda a urological chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake kwakukulu, nthawi yofulumira yojambula, komanso kuwunika kwathunthu. Makamaka, CT urography.
Mbiri
Kale, intravenous urography (IVU), yomwe imatchedwanso "excretory urography" ndi/kapena "intravenous pyelography," imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyesa njira ya mkodzo. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kujambula koyamba kwa x-ray kenako ndi jakisoni wa mankhwala osakanikirana ndi madzi (1.5 ml/kg kulemera kwa thupi). Pambuyo pake, zithunzi zingapo zimapezeka panthawi inayake. Zofooka zazikulu za njira iyi zikuphatikizapo kuwunika kwa magawo awiri ndi kuwunika kosafunikira kwa kapangidwe ka thupi komwe kali pafupi.
Pambuyo poyambitsa computed tomography, IVU yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Komabe, m'zaka za m'ma 1990 zokha, ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa ukadaulo wa helical, nthawi yowunikira inali yofulumira kwambiri kotero kuti madera akuluakulu a thupi, monga mimba, amatha kuphunziridwa mumasekondi. Pakubwera kwa ukadaulo wa multi-detector m'zaka za m'ma 2000, kutsimikizika kwa malo kunakwezedwa, zomwe zinalola kuzindikira urothelium ya njira ya mkodzo wapamwamba ndi chikhodzodzo, ndipo CT-Urography (CTU) idakhazikitsidwa.
Masiku ano, CTU imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa matenda a mkodzo.
Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a CT, zakhala zikudziwika kuti ma X-ray spectra a mphamvu zosiyanasiyana amatha kusiyanitsa zinthu za manambala osiyanasiyana a atomu. Mfundo imeneyi inagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mu 2006 pophunzira minofu ya anthu, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale njira yoyamba ya CT (DECT) yamphamvu ziwiri (dual-energy system) m'machitidwe azachipatala a tsiku ndi tsiku. DECT yawonetsa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndi yoyenera kuwunika matenda a mkodzo, kuyambira kuwonongeka kwa zinthu mu mkodzo mpaka kuyamwa kwa ayodini m'malo otupa a mkodzo.
phindu
Ma protocol achikhalidwe a CT nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zithunzi za precontrast ndi multiphase postcontrast. Ma scanner amakono a CT amapereka ma data a volumetric omwe amatha kumangidwanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, motero kusunga chithunzi chabwino kwambiri. CT urography (CTU) imadaliranso mfundo ya polyphasic, kuyang'ana kwambiri gawo la "excretion" pambuyo poti contrast agent yalowa mu dongosolo losonkhanitsa ndi chikhodzodzo, makamaka kupanga IV urogram yokhala ndi contrast yabwino kwambiri ya minofu.
MALIRE
Ngakhale kuti computed tomography yokhala ndi contrast-enhanced ndiyo njira yodziwika bwino yojambulira koyamba njira ya mkodzo, zofooka zake ziyenera kuthetsedwa. Kuwonekera pa radiation ndi contrast nephrotoxicity zimaonedwa kuti ndi zovuta zazikulu. Kuchepetsa mlingo wa radiation ndikofunikira kwambiri, makamaka kwa odwala achichepere.
Choyamba, njira zina zojambulira zithunzi monga ultrasound ndi MRI ziyenera kuganiziridwa nthawi zonse. Ngati ukadaulo uwu sungapereke chidziwitso chopemphedwa, zochita ziyenera kuchitidwa motsatira ndondomeko ya CT.
Kuyezetsa kwa CT kowonjezera kusiyana kwa zizindikiro sikuloledwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kukhala ndi vuto la radiocontrast agents komanso odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la impso. Pofuna kuchepetsa vuto la contrast nephropathy, odwala omwe ali ndi glomerular filtration rate (GFR) yosakwana 30 ml/min sayenera kupatsidwa contrast media popanda kuganizira mosamala zoopsa ndi ubwino, ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi GFR pakati pa 30 mpaka 60 ml/min mwa odwala.
TSOGOLO
Mu nthawi yatsopano ya mankhwala olondola, kuthekera kopeza deta yochuluka kuchokera ku zithunzi za radiological ndi vuto lamakono komanso lamtsogolo. Njirayi, yomwe imadziwika kuti radiomics, idapangidwa koyamba ndi Lambin mu 2012 ndipo imachokera ku lingaliro lakuti zithunzi zachipatala zili ndi zinthu zochulukirapo zomwe zingawonetse matenda a minofu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayesowa kungathandize kupanga zisankho zachipatala ndikupeza malo makamaka mu oncology, zomwe zimathandiza, mwachitsanzo, kuwunika kwa malo ozungulira khansa ndikukhudza njira zamankhwala. M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, maphunziro ambiri achitika pakugwiritsa ntchito njira iyi, ngakhale poyesa khansa ya urothelial, koma izi zikadali mwayi wofufuza.
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LnkMed ndi kampani yopereka zinthu ndi ntchito za radiology m'makampani azachipatala. Ma syringe opangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi kampani yathu, kuphatikizapoInjektara imodzi ya CT,Injector ya mutu wa CT iwiri,Jakisoni wa MRIndiangiography contrast media injector, zagulitsidwa ku mayunitsi pafupifupi 300 kunyumba ndi kunja, ndipo zayamikiridwa ndi makasitomala. Nthawi yomweyo, LnkMed imaperekanso singano ndi machubu othandizira monga zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu iyi: Medrad, Guerbet, Nemoto, ndi zina zotero, komanso malo olumikizirana mpweya wabwino, zowunikira ferromagnetic ndi zinthu zina zamankhwala. LnkMed nthawi zonse imakhulupirira kuti khalidwe ndiye maziko a chitukuko, ndipo yakhala ikugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ipatse makasitomala zinthu ndi ntchito zapamwamba. Ngati mukufuna zinthu zojambulira zamankhwala, takulandirani kuti mulankhule kapena kukambirana nafe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-20-2024
